Canine Parvovirus

Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious gastrointestinal disease of dogs. The virus is spread through contact with feces containing the virus. Once infected with the virus the disease progresses rapidly. Speedy diagnosis and treatment is paramount to successful recovery.

Canine parvovirus is extremely hardy, hard to kill and can survive for extended periods (months) on objects such as clothing and kennel floors. Canine parvovirus has an incubation period of 7-14 days. The virus can be present in the feces of the infected dog in as little as 3 days; long before symptoms appear. Canine parvovirus is highly contagious and may occur in dogs that have been vaccinated. Puppies less than 6 months old account for the majority and the most severe cases of canine parvovirus.

Symptoms of parvovirus include:

  • dark or bloody diarrhea
  • Excessive diarrhea
  • lethargy
  • vomiting
  • lack of appetite

Not all gastrointestinal symptoms are the result of parvovirus infection. Conclusive diagnosis is done via an antigen test at your local veterinarian.

Treatment for parvovirus includes addressing dehydration and preventing secondary infection due to an impaired immune system. IV fluids and subcutaneous fluids are used to rehydrate and antibiotics may be used to control infection. Anti-nausea medicines my also be used to control vomitting.

Prevention of parvovirus includes vaccination and good judgement. Vaccinating your puppy against parvovirus can begin at 6-8 weeks of age and should include boosters until they are 16-18 weeks old. Avoiding situations or places with high dog traffic until fully immunized will also reduce the chances of parvovirus exposure.

Killing parvovirus is nearly impossible. It can survive extreme heat and cold. Cleaning with a diluted bleach solution is the best practice to manage and control the levels of the virus. Decontamination can take months before it is safe to introduce a puppy into an infected environment.

Parvovirus is very serious with rapid and devasting consequences. Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your dog or puppy has parvovirus.

The information on this Web site is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary care, and veterinary advice and services are not being offered.